Menu

A meat tax : faut-il taxer la viande ? (Tle)

Fiche à imprimer : le cours, les trois exercices et le corrigé (sur une page à part). Revenir au cours en ligne

AnglaisFrançais
livestock 🐄le bétail, l'élevage
greenhouse gas emissionsles émissions de gaz à effet de serre
methanele méthane
a meat taxune taxe sur la viande
to subsidisesubventionner
provided that / unlessà condition que / à moins que

Selon l'ONU, l'élevage (livestock) représente environ 14 % des émissions de gaz à effet de serre (greenhouse gas emissions) d'origine humaine, notamment à cause du méthane (methane) rejeté par les vaches. Certains économistes proposent donc une taxe sur la viande (a meat tax), comme on taxe le tabac ou le sucre, pour réduire la consommation et financer la transition. En 2024, le Danemark est devenu le premier pays à décider de taxer les émissions de l'élevage, à partir de 2030. Les partisans évoquent le climat et la santé. Les opposants craignent qu'une telle taxe pénalise les familles modestes et les agriculteurs, et rappellent qu'il faudrait plutôt subventionner (subsidise) les fruits, les légumes et les protéines végétales pour les rendre abordables.

Mise en situation : le débat en classe

Teacher : Should governments tax meat to fight climate change?
Les gouvernements devraient-ils taxer la viande pour lutter contre le changement climatique ?
Amara : Yes. If meat were more expensive, people would eat less of it, and emissions would fall.
Oui. Si la viande était plus chère, les gens en mangeraient moins, et les émissions baisseraient.
Felix : But poorer families would suffer. Meat would become a luxury.
Mais les familles modestes en souffriraient. La viande deviendrait un luxe.
Amara : Not if the money were used to make vegetables cheaper. I'd support it provided that it helped low-income families.
Pas si l'argent servait à rendre les légumes moins chers. Je la soutiendrais à condition qu'elle aide les familles à faibles revenus.
Felix : And farmers? Unless they get help, many will go bankrupt.
Et les agriculteurs ? À moins qu'on les aide, beaucoup feront faillite.
Teacher : So the question is not only 'whether', but 'how'.
La question n'est donc pas seulement « faut-il », mais « comment ».

À retenir

  • livestock, greenhouse gas emissions, methane, a meat tax, to subsidise.
  • If meat were more expensive, people would eat less. I'd support it provided that it helped poor families. Unless farmers get help...

Exercice 1 : La taxe sur la viande : exercice 1 (QCM)

  1. 🐄 le bétail
    1. lifestock
    2. livestock
    3. live stock market
  2. « les émissions de gaz à effet de serre »
    1. greenhouse gas emissions
    2. greenhouse gas missions
    3. green house gaz emission
  3. « le méthane »
    1. method
    2. methane
    3. metal
  4. « subventionner »
    1. to subsidise
    2. to subside
    3. to substitute
  5. « à condition que »
    1. provide that of
    2. provided that
    3. proving that
  6. « à moins que »
    1. unless
    2. useless
    3. less
  7. L'élevage représente environ... des émissions humaines.
    1. 1 %
    2. 14 %
    3. 90 %
  8. Le premier pays à taxer les émissions de l'élevage :
    1. les États-Unis
    2. le Danemark
    3. le Brésil
  9. Hypothèse : « Si la viande était plus chère, on en mangerait moins. »
    1. If meat was more expensive, people will eat less.
    2. If meat would be more expensive, people would eat less.
    3. If meat were more expensive, people would eat less.
  10. « faire faillite »
    1. to go bank
    2. to become bankrupting
    3. to go bankrupt

Exercice 2 : La taxe sur la viande : exercice 2 (à compléter)

  1. Should governments .......................... meat?
  2. If meat were more expensive, people .......................... eat less.
  3. Emissions would .......................... .
  4. Poorer families would .......................... .
  5. I'd support it .......................... that it helped low-income families.
  6. .......................... they get help, many farmers will go bankrupt.
  7. Cows produce .......................... .
  8. We should .......................... fruit and vegetables.
  9. Livestock is responsible for about 14% of greenhouse gas .......................... .
  10. The question is not only whether, but .......................... .

Exercice 3 : La taxe sur la viande : mise en situation

  1. Tu poses la question.
    1. Should governments tax meat?
    2. Governments should tax meat?
    3. Should governments taxes meat?
  2. Tu fais une hypothèse.
    1. If meat would be more expensive, people would eat less.
    2. If meat were more expensive, people would eat less.
    3. If meat were more expensive, people will eat less.
  3. Tu avances une objection.
    1. Poorer families will suffered.
    2. More poor families would suffer.
    3. Poorer families would suffer.
  4. Tu poses une condition.
    1. I'd support it provided that it helped poor families.
    2. I'd support it provided it helps of poor families.
    3. I'd supported it provided that it helped poor families.
  5. Tu utilises unless.
    1. Unless farmers get help, they will go bankrupt.
    2. Unless farmers don't get help, they will go bankrupt.
    3. Unless farmers will get help, they go bankrupt.
  6. Tu cites un fait.
    1. Cows produces a lot of methane.
    2. Cows produce a lot of method.
    3. Cows produce a lot of methane.
  7. Tu proposes une alternative.
    1. We should subsidising vegetables instead.
    2. We should subsidise vegetables instead.
    3. We should subsidise vegetables in stead.
  8. Tu dis que la viande deviendrait un luxe.
    1. Meat will become a luxe.
    2. Meat would become a luxury.
    3. Meat would became a luxury.
  9. Tu reconnais la complexité.
    1. It's more complicate than it seems.
    2. It's more complicated than it seems.
    3. It's most complicated than it seems.
  10. Tu conclus.
    1. The question isn't only whether, but what how.
    2. The question is not only weather, but how.
    3. The question is not only whether, but how.

Corrigé

Exercice 1

1. b) livestock · 2. a) greenhouse gas emissions · 3. b) methane · 4. a) to subsidise · 5. b) provided that · 6. a) unless · 7. b) 14 % · 8. b) le Danemark · 9. c) If meat were more expensive, people would eat less. · 10. c) to go bankrupt

Exercice 2

1. tax · 2. would · 3. fall · 4. suffer · 5. provided · 6. Unless · 7. methane · 8. subsidise · 9. emissions · 10. how

Exercice 3

1. a) Should governments tax meat? · 2. b) If meat were more expensive, people would eat less. · 3. c) Poorer families would suffer. · 4. a) I'd support it provided that it helped poor families. · 5. a) Unless farmers get help, they will go bankrupt. · 6. c) Cows produce a lot of methane. · 7. b) We should subsidise vegetables instead. · 8. b) Meat would become a luxury. · 9. b) It's more complicated than it seems. · 10. c) The question is not only whether, but how.