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The Robin Hood effect : redistribuer les richesses (Terminale)

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AnglaisFrançais
wealth inequalityles inégalités de richesse
redistributionla redistribution
progressive taxationl'impôt progressif
the welfare statel'État-providence
the Robin Hood effectl'effet Robin des Bois (prendre aux riches pour donner aux pauvres)
Admittedly... Nevertheless...Certes... Néanmoins...

En économie, on parle d'« effet Robin des Bois » quand l'argent passe des plus riches aux plus pauvres, par exemple grâce aux impôts et aux aides sociales. Vers 2010, des associations ont proposé une « taxe Robin des Bois » sur les transactions financières pour financer la lutte contre la pauvreté. Le débat oppose ceux qui défendent la redistribution au nom de la justice sociale et ceux qui craignent qu'elle décourage l'effort et l'investissement. Un argument nuancé : Admittedly (certes)... Nevertheless (néanmoins)...

Mise en situation : le débat

Teacher : Should modern governments act like Robin Hood?
Les gouvernements modernes doivent-ils agir comme Robin des Bois ?
Clara : I think so. Wealth inequality is growing, and progressive taxation helps fund schools and hospitals for everyone.
Je pense que oui. Les inégalités de richesse augmentent, et l'impôt progressif aide à financer des écoles et des hôpitaux pour tous.
Nathan : Admittedly, the welfare state protects the poorest. Nevertheless, if taxes are too high, people might stop investing or leave the country.
Certes, l'État-providence protège les plus pauvres. Néanmoins, si les impôts sont trop élevés, les gens risquent d'arrêter d'investir ou de quitter le pays.
Teacher : What about the Robin Hood tax on financial transactions?
Et la taxe Robin des Bois sur les transactions financières ?
Clara : It is often claimed that it would barely affect ordinary people, while raising billions.
On affirme souvent qu'elle toucherait à peine les gens ordinaires tout en rapportant des milliards.
Nathan : Unlike Robin, though, governments have to be fair to everyone, including the rich. The real question is where to draw the line.
Contrairement à Robin, les gouvernements doivent être justes envers tous, riches compris. La vraie question est de savoir où fixer la limite.

À retenir

  • wealth inequality, redistribution, progressive taxation, the welfare state, the Robin Hood effect.
  • Admittedly... Nevertheless... ; It is often claimed that... ; Unlike... ; where to draw the line.

Exercice 1 : L'effet Robin des Bois : exercice 1 (QCM)

  1. « les inégalités de richesse »
    1. health inequality
    2. wealth inequality
    3. wealthy unequality
  2. « l'impôt progressif »
    1. progressing taxes of
    2. progressive taxation
    3. progress taxation
  3. « l'État-providence »
    1. the providence state
    2. the welfare state
    3. the wellfare estate
  4. « Certes... »
    1. Admitting...
    2. Admittedly...
    3. Certainly of...
  5. « Néanmoins... »
    1. Nevertheless...
    2. Nonetheless of...
    3. Neverless...
  6. « On affirme souvent que... »
    1. It is often claiming that...
    2. It is often claimed that...
    3. It often claims that...
  7. « Contrairement à Robin... »
    1. Unlike Robin...
    2. Contrary of Robin...
    3. Unliking Robin...
  8. « où fixer la limite »
    1. where to drive the line
    2. where to draw the line
    3. where draw to the limit
  9. La « taxe Robin des Bois » vise...
    1. les forêts
    2. les arcs et les flèches
    3. les transactions financières
  10. « financer »
    1. to finance of
    2. to fund
    3. to found

Exercice 2 : L'effet Robin des Bois : exercice 2 (à compléter)

  1. Wealth .......................... is growing.
  2. Progressive .......................... helps fund schools.
  3. The welfare .......................... protects the poorest.
  4. .......................... , taxes help the poor. (certes)
  5. .......................... , taxes can be too high. (néanmoins)
  6. It is often .......................... that it would raise billions.
  7. .......................... Robin, governments must be fair to all.
  8. The real question is where to draw the .......................... .
  9. People might stop .......................... .
  10. Should governments act .......................... Robin Hood?

Exercice 3 : L'effet Robin des Bois : mise en situation

  1. Le prof lance le débat.
    1. Should modern governments act as Robin Hood does of?
    2. Should modern governments acting like Robin Hood?
    3. Should modern governments act like Robin Hood?
  2. Clara est d'accord.
    1. I'm think so.
    2. I think so.
    3. I think yes of.
  3. Les inégalités augmentent.
    1. Wealth unequality is grow.
    2. Wealth inequality are growing.
    3. Wealth inequality is growing.
  4. Nathan concède un point.
    1. Admittedly, the welfare state protects the poorest.
    2. Admittedly, the welfare state protect the poorest.
    3. Admitting, the welfare state protects the poorest.
  5. Il nuance.
    1. Nevertheless, if taxes are too high, people might leaving.
    2. Nevertheless, if taxes are too high, people might leave.
    3. Never less, if taxes are too high, people might leave.
  6. Le prof demande ce qu'il en est de la taxe.
    1. What about the Robin Hood tax?
    2. How about of the Robin Hood tax?
    3. What about the Robin Hood taxes is?
  7. On affirme souvent qu'elle rapporterait des milliards.
    1. It is often claimed that it would raise billions.
    2. It is often claimed that it will raises billions.
    3. It often is claimed it would rise billions.
  8. Contrairement à Robin, l'État doit être juste envers tous.
    1. Unlike Robin, governments has to be fair to everyone.
    2. Unliked Robin, governments have to be fair with everyone.
    3. Unlike Robin, governments have to be fair to everyone.
  9. La vraie question est de fixer la limite.
    1. The real question is where to drew the line.
    2. The real question is where to draw the line.
    3. The real question is where drawing the line.
  10. Tu conclus.
    1. All thing considered, some redistribution seem necessary.
    2. All things considering, some redistribution seems necessary.
    3. All things considered, some redistribution seems necessary.

Corrigé

Exercice 1

1. b) wealth inequality · 2. b) progressive taxation · 3. b) the welfare state · 4. b) Admittedly... · 5. a) Nevertheless... · 6. b) It is often claimed that... · 7. a) Unlike Robin... · 8. b) where to draw the line · 9. c) les transactions financières · 10. b) to fund

Exercice 2

1. inequality · 2. taxation · 3. state · 4. Admittedly · 5. Nevertheless · 6. claimed · 7. Unlike · 8. line · 9. investing · 10. like

Exercice 3

1. c) Should modern governments act like Robin Hood? · 2. b) I think so. · 3. c) Wealth inequality is growing. · 4. a) Admittedly, the welfare state protects the poorest. · 5. b) Nevertheless, if taxes are too high, people might leave. · 6. a) What about the Robin Hood tax? · 7. a) It is often claimed that it would raise billions. · 8. c) Unlike Robin, governments have to be fair to everyone. · 9. b) The real question is where to draw the line. · 10. c) All things considered, some redistribution seems necessary.