Fiche à imprimer : If I had known : le 3e conditionnel (3e)

Anglais	Français
If I had known...	Si j'avais su...
...I would have come.	...je serais venu(e).
If + past perfect (had + participe)	Si + plus-que-parfait
would have + participe passé	conditionnel passé
If she had studied, she would have passed.	Si elle avait révisé, elle aurait réussi.
I wouldn't have missed the bus.	Je n'aurais pas raté le bus.

Le 3e conditionnel sert à imaginer un passé différent, souvent pour exprimer un regret : c'est trop tard, on ne peut plus rien changer. On construit : If + past perfect (had + participe passé), puis would have + participe passé. If I had left earlier, I wouldn't have missed the bus. (Si j'étais parti plus tôt, je n'aurais pas raté le bus.) Attention : jamais de would après if ! À l'oral, on contracte : If I'd known, I'd have come.

Mise en situation : la fête ratée

Zoe : Why didn't you come to my party on Saturday?

Pourquoi tu n'es pas venu à ma fête samedi ?

Max : I didn't know about it! If I had known, I would have come.

Je n'étais pas au courant ! Si j'avais su, je serais venu.

Zoe : But I sent you a message!

Mais je t'ai envoyé un message !

Max : My phone was broken. If you had called me at home, I would have answered.

Mon téléphone était cassé. Si tu m'avais appelé à la maison, j'aurais répondu.

Zoe : Oh no! If I had known, I would have invited you face to face.

Oh non ! Si j'avais su, je t'aurais invité en personne.

Max : Never mind. Next time!

Ce n'est pas grave. La prochaine fois !

À retenir

If + had + participe passé, would have + participe passé.
If I had known, I would have come. If she hadn't been late, she wouldn't have missed the train.

Exercice 1 : Le 3e conditionnel : exercice 1 (QCM)

If I ___ known, I would have come.
1. had
2. have
3. would have
If she had studied, she ___ passed.
1. would have
2. will have
3. had
If we ___ earlier, we wouldn't have missed the bus.
1. left had
2. would have left
3. had left
« Si j'avais su... »
1. If I had known...
2. If I knew had...
3. If I would have known...
« ...je serais venu. »
1. ...I had come.
2. ...I would have come.
3. ...I would come have.
Participe passé de « go » :
1. went
2. gone
3. goed
If he ___ late, he wouldn't have missed the train.
1. hadn't been
2. wouldn't have been
3. wasn't been
Après « if », on ne met jamais...
1. not
2. had
3. would
« I'd have come » =
1. I had have come
2. I did have come
3. I would have come
Le 3e conditionnel exprime souvent...
1. un regret sur le passé
2. une habitude
3. un projet futur

Exercice 2 : Le 3e conditionnel : exercice 2 (à compléter)

If I had .......................... , I would have come.
If I had known, I would have .......................... .
If you had called me, I .......................... have answered.
If she had .......................... , she would have passed.
If we had left earlier, we wouldn't have .......................... the bus.
If it hadn't .......................... , we would have gone to the beach.
He would have .......................... if he had trained more. (gagner)
If I had .......................... you, I would have said hello. (voir)
If they had .......................... a map, they wouldn't have got lost. (prendre)
She would have .......................... happy if you had come.

Exercice 3 : Le 3e conditionnel : mise en situation

Tu dis que tu serais venu si tu avais su.
1. If I had known, I would have come.
2. If I knew, I would come.
3. If I would have known, I would have come.
Tu regrettes d'être parti en retard.
1. If I would have left earlier, I hadn't missed the bus.
2. If I had left earlier, I wouldn't have missed the bus.
3. If I left earlier, I wouldn't miss the bus.
Elle aurait réussi si elle avait révisé.
1. She would pass if she studied.
2. She would have passed if she had studied.
3. She had passed if she would study.
S'il n'avait pas plu, on serait allés à la plage.
1. If it hadn't rained, we would have gone to the beach.
2. If it didn't rain, we would go to the beach.
3. If it wouldn't have rained, we had gone to the beach.
Si tu m'avais appelé, j'aurais répondu.
1. If you had called me, I would have answered.
2. If you would have called me, I would have answered.
3. If you called me, I would answer.
Il aurait gagné s'il s'était entraîné.
1. He had won if he would train.
2. He would win if he trained.
3. He would have won if he had trained.
Forme contractée de « If I had known, I would have... »
1. If I'd knew, I'd have...
2. If I'd known, I'd had...
3. If I'd known, I'd have...
Tu consoles un ami.
1. Never mind. Next time!
2. Not mind. Next time!
3. Never minds. Next time!
Si je t'avais vu, je t'aurais dit bonjour.
1. If I had seen you, I would have said hello.
2. If I would see you, I had said hello.
3. If I saw you, I said hello.
Ils ne se seraient pas perdus avec une carte.
1. If they would take a map, they hadn't got lost.
2. If they took a map, they don't get lost.
3. If they had taken a map, they wouldn't have got lost.

Corrigé

Exercice 1

1. a) had · 2. a) would have · 3. c) had left · 4. a) If I had known... · 5. b) ...I would have come. · 6. b) gone · 7. a) hadn't been · 8. c) would · 9. c) I would have come · 10. a) un regret sur le passé

Exercice 2

1. known · 2. come · 3. would · 4. studied · 5. missed · 6. rained · 7. won · 8. seen · 9. taken · 10. been

Exercice 3

1. a) If I had known, I would have come. · 2. b) If I had left earlier, I wouldn't have missed the bus. · 3. b) She would have passed if she had studied. · 4. a) If it hadn't rained, we would have gone to the beach. · 5. a) If you had called me, I would have answered. · 6. c) He would have won if he had trained. · 7. c) If I'd known, I'd have... · 8. a) Never mind. Next time! · 9. a) If I had seen you, I would have said hello. · 10. c) If they had taken a map, they wouldn't have got lost.