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A small island, four Nobel Prizes : les écrivains irlandais (Terminale)

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AnglaisFrançais
a Nobel Prize in Literatureun prix Nobel de littérature
oral tradition / storytellingla tradition orale / l'art de conter
to reclaim a languagese réapproprier une langue
Bloomsday (16 June)le Bloomsday (16 juin, en l'honneur d'Ulysse)
What is remarkable is that...Ce qui est remarquable, c'est que...
This can partly be explained by...Cela s'explique en partie par...

Avec environ cinq millions d'habitants, l'Irlande compte quatre prix Nobel de littérature : W. B. Yeats (1923), George Bernard Shaw (1925), Samuel Beckett (1969) et Seamus Heaney (1995). Il faut y ajouter Oscar Wilde, Bram Stoker ou James Joyce, dont le roman Ulysse (1922) se déroule à Dublin le 16 juin 1904 : chaque année, ce jour-là, les lecteurs du monde entier fêtent le Bloomsday. On explique souvent cette richesse par la tradition orale, la musique de la langue et le rapport complexe à l'anglais, imposé puis réinventé.

Mise en situation : le séminaire

Teacher : What is remarkable about Irish literature?
Qu'est-ce qui est remarquable dans la littérature irlandaise ?
Nathan : What is remarkable is that such a small country has produced four Nobel Prize winners in literature.
Ce qui est remarquable, c'est qu'un si petit pays ait produit quatre lauréats du prix Nobel de littérature.
Lea : And many other giants: Oscar Wilde, James Joyce... Every June the sixteenth, people celebrate Bloomsday in honour of Ulysses.
Et beaucoup d'autres géants : Oscar Wilde, James Joyce... Chaque 16 juin, on fête le Bloomsday en l'honneur d'Ulysse.
Teacher : How can we explain this?
Comment peut-on l'expliquer ?
Nathan : This can partly be explained by a strong oral tradition. Storytelling, songs and poetry were part of everyday life.
Cela s'explique en partie par une forte tradition orale. Les contes, les chansons et la poésie faisaient partie de la vie quotidienne.
Lea : Some critics also argue that Irish writers reclaimed English, the language of the colonisers, and made it their own, with a new music and humour.
Certains critiques soutiennent aussi que les écrivains irlandais se sont réapproprié l'anglais, la langue des colonisateurs, et en ont fait leur propre langue, avec une musique et un humour nouveaux.

À retenir

  • a Nobel Prize, oral tradition, storytelling, to reclaim a language, Bloomsday.
  • What is remarkable is that... ; This can partly be explained by... ; Some critics argue that... ; in honour of.

Exercice 1 : Les écrivains irlandais : exercice 1 (QCM)

  1. Combien de prix Nobel de littérature pour l'Irlande ?
    1. un
    2. quatre
    3. dix
  2. Yeats a reçu le prix Nobel en...
    1. 1969
    2. 1995
    3. 1923
  3. Seamus Heaney a reçu le prix Nobel en...
    1. 1923
    2. 1995
    3. 2005
  4. Le Bloomsday a lieu le...
    1. 16 juin
    2. 1er avril
    3. 17 mars
  5. Ulysse est un roman de...
    1. Oscar Wilde
    2. James Joyce
    3. Samuel Beckett
  6. « la tradition orale »
    1. oral tradition
    2. aural tradition of
    3. oral traduction
  7. « se réapproprier une langue »
    1. to reclaim of language
    2. to reclaim a language
    3. to complain a language
  8. « Ce qui est remarquable, c'est que... »
    1. What remarkable is that...
    2. What is remarkable is that...
    3. That is remarkable is what...
  9. « Cela s'explique en partie par... »
    1. This can partly explained by...
    2. This can be partly explain by...
    3. This can partly be explained by...
  10. « en l'honneur de »
    1. in honour to
    2. in honour of
    3. on honour of

Exercice 2 : Les écrivains irlandais : exercice 2 (à compléter)

  1. What is .......................... is that Ireland has four Nobel Prizes.
  2. Such a small .......................... has produced great writers.
  3. People celebrate Bloomsday in .......................... of Ulysses.
  4. This can partly be .......................... by a strong oral tradition.
  5. Storytelling was part of everyday .......................... .
  6. Irish writers .......................... English.
  7. They made it their .......................... .
  8. Some critics .......................... that...
  9. He won the Nobel .......................... in Literature.
  10. How can we .......................... this?

Exercice 3 : Les écrivains irlandais : mise en situation

  1. Le prof demande ce qui est remarquable.
    1. What is remarkable of Irish literature?
    2. What is remarkable about Irish literature?
    3. What remarkable is Irish literature?
  2. Ce qui est remarquable, c'est...
    1. What is remarkable is that such a small country has four Nobel Prize winners.
    2. What is remarkable is that so a small country has four Nobel Prize winners.
    3. That is remarkable is such small country has four Nobel Prizes.
  3. Chaque 16 juin, on fête le Bloomsday.
    1. Every June sixteenth, people celebrates Bloomsday.
    2. Every June the sixteenth, people celebrate Bloomsday.
    3. Every June the sixteen, people celebrate Bloomsday.
  4. Le prof demande comment l'expliquer.
    1. How can we explain this?
    2. How we can explain this?
    3. How can we to explain this?
  5. Cela s'explique par la tradition orale.
    1. This can partly be explained by a strong oral tradition.
    2. This partly can be explain by a strong oral tradition.
    3. This can partly explained by a strong oral tradition.
  6. Les contes faisaient partie de la vie quotidienne.
    1. Storytelling was part of every day life of.
    2. Storytelling was part of everyday life.
    3. Storytelling were part of everyday life.
  7. Ils se sont réapproprié l'anglais.
    1. Irish writers reclaimed English and made it there own.
    2. Irish writers reclaim English and make it their own yesterday.
    3. Irish writers reclaimed English and made it their own.
  8. Tu cites un exemple.
    1. For instance, Samuel Beckett also wrote in French.
    2. Per instance, Samuel Beckett also wrote in French.
    3. For instance, Samuel Beckett also writes in French yesterday.
  9. Tu nuances.
    1. However, we should not reducing these writers to their nationality.
    2. However, we shouldn't reduce these writers to their nationality.
    3. However, we shouldn't to reduce these writers to their nationality.
  10. Tu conclus.
    1. In short, Irish literature punches above it's weight.
    2. In short, Irish literature punches above its weight.
    3. In short, Irish literature punch above its weight.

Corrigé

Exercice 1

1. b) quatre · 2. c) 1923 · 3. b) 1995 · 4. a) 16 juin · 5. b) James Joyce · 6. a) oral tradition · 7. b) to reclaim a language · 8. b) What is remarkable is that... · 9. c) This can partly be explained by... · 10. b) in honour of

Exercice 2

1. remarkable · 2. country · 3. honour · 4. explained · 5. life · 6. reclaimed · 7. own · 8. argue · 9. Prize · 10. explain

Exercice 3

1. b) What is remarkable about Irish literature? · 2. a) What is remarkable is that such a small country has four Nobel Prize winners. · 3. b) Every June the sixteenth, people celebrate Bloomsday. · 4. a) How can we explain this? · 5. a) This can partly be explained by a strong oral tradition. · 6. b) Storytelling was part of everyday life. · 7. c) Irish writers reclaimed English and made it their own. · 8. a) For instance, Samuel Beckett also wrote in French. · 9. b) However, we shouldn't reduce these writers to their nationality. · 10. b) In short, Irish literature punches above its weight.