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Will have to, had to, will be able to : les modaux à tous les temps (3e)

Fiche à imprimer : le cours, les trois exercices et le corrigé (sur une page à part). Revenir au cours en ligne

AnglaisFrançais
I must go. → I had to go.Je dois partir. → J'ai dû partir.
I'll have to work harder.Je devrai travailler plus.
I can swim. → I could swim.Je sais nager. → Je savais nager.
I'll be able to drive.Je pourrai conduire.
We won't have to wait.Nous n'aurons pas à attendre.
She hasn't been able to come.Elle n'a pas pu venir.

must et can n'existent qu'au présent. Pour les autres temps : have to (obligation : had to, will have to) et be able to (capacité : was able to, will be able to).

Mise en situation : après le brevet

Mum : Did you have to revise a lot for the exam?
As-tu dû beaucoup réviser pour l'examen ?
Theo : Yes, I had to work every evening. But I couldn't answer the last question.
Oui, j'ai dû travailler tous les soirs. Mais je n'ai pas pu répondre à la dernière question.
Mum : Next year, at high school, you'll have to work even harder!
L'an prochain, au lycée, tu devras travailler encore plus !
Theo : I know. But I'll be able to choose my subjects!
Je sais. Mais je pourrai choisir mes matières !

À retenir

  • must → had to / will have to.
  • can → could / was able to / will be able to.
  • won't have to = n'aura pas à.

Exercice 1 : Les modaux à tous les temps : exercice 1 (QCM)

  1. « J'ai dû partir. »
    1. I must leave yesterday.
    2. I had to leave.
    3. I musted leave.
  2. « Je devrai travailler plus. »
    1. I'll have to work harder.
    2. I'll must work harder.
    3. I will can work harder.
  3. « Je pourrai conduire. »
    1. I'll be able to drive.
    2. I'll could drive.
    3. I'll can drive.
  4. « Nous n'aurons pas à attendre. »
    1. We don't will have to wait.
    2. We won't must wait.
    3. We won't have to wait.
  5. « Elle n'a pas pu venir. » (depuis)
    1. She can't have come.
    2. She hasn't been able to come.
    3. She hasn't could come.
  6. « Je savais nager à 5 ans. »
    1. I can swim when I was five.
    2. I could swim when I was five.
    3. I was can swim at five.
  7. Choisissez la phrase incorrecte.
    1. I will must go.
    2. I will have to go.
    3. I had to go.
  8. « As-tu dû réviser ? »
    1. Did you must revise?
    2. Had you to revise?
    3. Did you have to revise?
  9. « Tu pourras choisir. »
    1. You'll be able to choose.
    2. You could choose tomorrow.
    3. You'll can choose.
  10. « Je n'ai pas pu répondre. »
    1. I didn't can answer.
    2. I couldn't answer.
    3. I can't answer yesterday.

Exercice 2 : Les modaux à tous les temps : exercice 2 (à compléter)

  1. Yesterday I .......................... to work late. (ai dû)
  2. Next year I'll have .......................... wear a uniform.
  3. I'll be .......................... to vote at 18.
  4. We .......................... have to wait. (n'aurons pas)
  5. I .......................... find my keys. (n'ai pas pu)
  6. She hasn't been .......................... to call.
  7. Did you .......................... to revise a lot?
  8. When I was five, I .......................... read. (savais)
  9. You'll .......................... to work harder.
  10. Will you be able .......................... come?

Exercice 3 : Les modaux à tous les temps : mise en situation

  1. Maman demande si tu as dû beaucoup réviser.
    1. Had you to revise a lot?
    2. Did you have to revise a lot?
    3. Did you must revise a lot?
  2. Tu as dû travailler tous les soirs.
    1. I must work every evening yesterday.
    2. I had to work every evening.
    3. I musted work every evening.
  3. Tu n'as pas pu répondre à la dernière question.
    1. I didn't can answer the last question.
    2. I couldn't answer the last question.
    3. I can't answer the last question.
  4. Au lycée, tu devras travailler plus.
    1. You'll have to work harder.
    2. You'll must work harder.
    3. You have to will work harder.
  5. Tu pourras choisir tes matières.
    1. I could choose my subjects tomorrow.
    2. I'll be able to choose my subjects.
    3. I'll can choose my subjects.
  6. Vous n'aurez pas à porter d'uniforme.
    1. We won't have to wear a uniform.
    2. We won't must wear a uniform.
    3. We don't will have to wear a uniform.
  7. Ton amie n'a pas pu venir (depuis lundi).
    1. She hasn't been able to come.
    2. She can't came.
    3. She hasn't could come.
  8. Tu demandes si ton ami pourra venir samedi.
    1. Will you be able to come on Saturday?
    2. Will you can come on Saturday?
    3. Can you will come Saturday?
  9. Tu savais lire à cinq ans.
    1. I can read when I was five.
    2. I could read when I was five.
    3. I was able read at five.
  10. Tu as dû attendre une heure.
    1. I had to wait for an hour.
    2. I had wait for an hour.
    3. I must wait for an hour yesterday.

Corrigé

Exercice 1

1. b) I had to leave. · 2. a) I'll have to work harder. · 3. a) I'll be able to drive. · 4. c) We won't have to wait. · 5. b) She hasn't been able to come. · 6. b) I could swim when I was five. · 7. a) I will must go. · 8. c) Did you have to revise? · 9. a) You'll be able to choose. · 10. b) I couldn't answer.

Exercice 2

1. had · 2. to · 3. able · 4. won't · 5. couldn't · 6. able · 7. have · 8. could · 9. have · 10. to

Exercice 3

1. b) Did you have to revise a lot? · 2. b) I had to work every evening. · 3. b) I couldn't answer the last question. · 4. a) You'll have to work harder. · 5. b) I'll be able to choose my subjects. · 6. a) We won't have to wear a uniform. · 7. a) She hasn't been able to come. · 8. a) Will you be able to come on Saturday? · 9. b) I could read when I was five. · 10. a) I had to wait for an hour.