Fiche à imprimer : Rosalind Franklin : la photo 51 et l'ADN (3e)

Anglais	Français
Rosalind Franklin was a British chemist.	Rosalind Franklin était une chimiste britannique.
She took X-ray images of DNA.	Elle a réalisé des images de l'ADN aux rayons X.
Photo 51 showed that DNA has a double helix shape.	La photo 51 montrait que l'ADN a une forme de double hélice.
Her photo was shown to other scientists without her knowledge.	Sa photo a été montrée à d'autres scientifiques à son insu.
She died before the Nobel Prize was awarded.	Elle est morte avant que le prix Nobel ne soit décerné.
Today, her role is finally recognised.	Aujourd'hui, son rôle est enfin reconnu.

Rosalind Franklin (1920-1958), chimiste britannique, était spécialiste de la cristallographie aux rayons X (X-ray images). En 1952, son équipe obtient la célèbre « photo 51 », qui révèle la forme en double hélice (double helix) de l'ADN (DNA). Cette image est montrée, sans qu'elle le sache (without her knowledge), à James Watson, qui publie en 1953 avec Francis Crick le modèle de l'ADN. En 1962, Watson, Crick et Maurice Wilkins reçoivent le prix Nobel ; Franklin, morte d'un cancer à 37 ans, n'est pas récompensée (le Nobel n'est pas décerné à titre posthume). Elle est devenue un symbole des femmes scientifiques oubliées. Passif : was shown, was awarded, is recognised.

Mise en situation : l'exposé

Grace : My presentation is about Rosalind Franklin. She was a brilliant chemist who studied DNA.

Mon exposé porte sur Rosalind Franklin. C'était une brillante chimiste qui étudiait l'ADN.

Teacher : What was her most important discovery?

Quelle a été sa découverte la plus importante ?

Grace : Photo 51. It was an X-ray image which showed that DNA has the shape of a double helix.

La photo 51. C'était une image aux rayons X qui montrait que l'ADN a la forme d'une double hélice.

Liam : But I thought Watson and Crick discovered that?

Mais je croyais que c'étaient Watson et Crick qui avaient découvert ça ?

Grace : They built the model, but they had seen her photo first. It was shown to them without her knowledge!

Ils ont construit le modèle, mais ils avaient d'abord vu sa photo. Elle leur a été montrée à son insu !

Teacher : And she died before the Nobel Prize was awarded. Today, her role is finally recognised.

Et elle est morte avant que le prix Nobel ne soit décerné. Aujourd'hui, son rôle est enfin reconnu.

À retenir

a chemist, a scientist, DNA, an X-ray image, a double helix, a model, the Nobel Prize, recognition, credit.
was shown / was awarded / is recognised (passif) ; they had seen her photo first (past perfect) ; without her knowledge ; I thought... ; a chemist who studied...

Exercice 1 : Rosalind Franklin : exercice 1 (QCM)

« une chimiste »
1. a chemical
2. a chemist
3. a chemistry
« l'ADN »
1. DNA
2. ADN
3. DAN
« une double hélice »
1. a double helix
2. a double helicopter
3. a double hello
« des images aux rayons X »
1. X-ray images
2. X-rays image of
3. ray-X images
« à son insu »
1. with no her knowledge
2. without her knowledge
3. without her knowing of
« Sa photo leur a été montrée. »
1. Her photo was showed them.
2. Her photo showed to them.
3. Her photo was shown to them.
« Ils avaient d'abord vu sa photo. »
1. They had saw her photo first.
2. They had seen her photo first.
3. They have seen her photo first yesterday.
« Le prix a été décerné. »
1. The prize was awarded.
2. The prize was award.
3. The prize awarded was.
« Son rôle est enfin reconnu. »
1. Her role is finally recognise.
2. His role is finally recognised.
3. Her role is finally recognised.
Rosalind Franklin est morte à...
1. 17 ans
2. 87 ans
3. 37 ans

Exercice 2 : Rosalind Franklin : exercice 2 (à compléter)

She was a brilliant .......................... .
a chemist .......................... studied DNA
What was her most important .......................... ?
It was an X-ray image .......................... showed the shape of DNA.
DNA has the shape of a double .......................... .
I .......................... Watson and Crick discovered that. (think)
They had .......................... her photo first.
It was .......................... to them without her knowledge.
She died before the Nobel Prize was .......................... .
Today, her role is finally .......................... .

Exercice 3 : Rosalind Franklin : mise en situation

C'était une brillante chimiste.
1. She was a brilliant chemist.
2. She were a brilliant chemist.
3. She was a brilliant chemistry.
Quelle a été sa découverte la plus importante ?
1. What was her more important discovery?
2. Which was her most important discover?
3. What was her most important discovery?
Elle montrait la forme de l'ADN.
1. It showed the shape of the ADN.
2. It shown the shape of DNA.
3. It showed the shape of DNA.
Je croyais que c'étaient Watson et Crick.
1. I thinked it was Watson and Crick.
2. I thought it were Watson and Crick of.
3. I thought it was Watson and Crick.
Ils avaient d'abord vu sa photo.
1. They had seen her photo first.
2. They saw had her photo first.
3. They had see her photo first.
Elle leur a été montrée à son insu.
1. It showed to them without her knowledge.
2. It was showed to them without her knowledge.
3. It was shown to them without her knowledge.
Elle est morte avant que le prix ne soit décerné.
1. She died before the prize will be awarded.
2. She dead before the prize was awarded.
3. She died before the prize was awarded.
Son rôle est enfin reconnu.
1. Her role is final recognised.
2. Her role finally recognised.
3. Her role is finally recognised.
Ils ont construit le modèle.
1. They build the model yesterday.
2. They builded the model.
3. They built the model.
Elle est devenue un symbole.
1. She becomed a symbol.
2. She has became a symbol.
3. She has become a symbol.

Corrigé

Exercice 1

1. b) a chemist · 2. a) DNA · 3. a) a double helix · 4. a) X-ray images · 5. b) without her knowledge · 6. c) Her photo was shown to them. · 7. b) They had seen her photo first. · 8. a) The prize was awarded. · 9. c) Her role is finally recognised. · 10. c) 37 ans

Exercice 2

1. chemist · 2. who · 3. discovery · 4. which · 5. helix · 6. thought · 7. seen · 8. shown · 9. awarded · 10. recognised

Exercice 3

1. a) She was a brilliant chemist. · 2. c) What was her most important discovery? · 3. c) It showed the shape of DNA. · 4. c) I thought it was Watson and Crick. · 5. a) They had seen her photo first. · 6. c) It was shown to them without her knowledge. · 7. c) She died before the prize was awarded. · 8. c) Her role is finally recognised. · 9. c) They built the model. · 10. c) She has become a symbol.