Fiche à imprimer : Rédiger un essay argumenté en anglais (bac)

Le plan

Partie	Contenu	Expressions utiles
Introduction	présenter le sujet, poser la question, annoncer le plan	Nowadays, ... / Many people wonder whether... / In this essay, I will...
Arguments pour	2 ou 3 idées, chacune dans un paragraphe avec un exemple	Firstly, ... / Moreover, ... / For instance, ...
Arguments contre	les idées opposées	However, ... / On the other hand, ... / Some people argue that...
Conclusion	résumer et donner son avis	To conclude, ... / All in all, ... / In my view, ...

Les connecteurs logiques

Fonction	Connecteurs
ajouter	firstly, secondly, moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides
opposer	however, nevertheless, whereas, although, on the other hand
illustrer	for example, for instance, such as
conséquence	therefore, as a result, consequently, thus
conclure	to conclude, in conclusion, all in all, to sum up

Ponctuation : en début de phrase, ces connecteurs sont suivis d'une virgule (However, ...). Whereas et although relient deux propositions dans la même phrase.

Les erreurs à éviter

Pas de contractions dans un essay (do not plutôt que don't), pas de langage familier (a lot of → many / a great deal of), et pas de traduction mot à mot : utilisez des phrases simples et correctes.

Mise en situation : préparer un essay avec un ami

Ben : The topic is: Should homework be banned? How do I start?

Le sujet est : Faut-il interdire les devoirs ? Comment je commence ?

Sarah : Introduce the topic first: Many people wonder whether homework is useful.

Présente d'abord le sujet : beaucoup de gens se demandent si les devoirs sont utiles.

Ben : Then I give my arguments: firstly, homework helps us revise. Moreover, it teaches us to work alone.

Ensuite je donne mes arguments : d'abord, les devoirs nous aident à réviser. De plus, ils nous apprennent à travailler seuls.

Sarah : Good! However, don't forget the other side. And no contractions!

Bien ! Cependant, n'oublie pas l'autre point de vue. Et pas de contractions !

À retenir

Introduction, arguments pour, arguments contre, conclusion.
firstly, moreover, however, for instance, therefore, to conclude.
Connecteur en début de phrase + virgule.
Pas de contractions ni de langage familier.

Exercice 1 : Rédiger un essay : exercice 1 (QCM)

« De plus » (ajouter un argument)
1. Therefore
2. However
3. Moreover
« Cependant »
1. Moreover
2. However
3. Therefore
« Par conséquent »
1. Therefore
2. Besides of
3. Whereas
« Par exemple »
1. For instant
2. By example
3. For instance
« Pour conclure »
1. To conclude
2. For concluding
3. To conclusion
« Tandis que » (relie deux propositions)
1. moreover
2. however
3. whereas
« De nos jours »
1. Now of days
2. In our days of
3. Nowadays
« Beaucoup de gens se demandent si... »
1. Many people wonder whether...
2. Many people ask them if...
3. Lot of people wonder if that...
Dans un essay, on écrit plutôt...
1. It isn't easy.
2. It ain't easy.
3. It is not easy.
« Premièrement »
1. Firstable
2. In first
3. Firstly

Exercice 2 : Rédiger un essay : exercice 2 (à compléter)

.......................... , homework helps students revise. (premièrement)
.......................... , it teaches them to work alone. (de plus)
.......................... , some students have too much homework. (cependant)
For .......................... , they may work until midnight.
.......................... , they are tired at school. (par conséquent)
To .......................... , homework is useful in small amounts. (conclure)
Some people .......................... that homework should be banned. (affirment)
Many people wonder .......................... it is a good idea. (si)
Some students like homework, .......................... others hate it. (tandis que)
.......................... , most teenagers have a smartphone. (de nos jours)

Exercice 3 : Rédiger un essay : mise en situation

Tu commences ton introduction sur les réseaux sociaux.
1. Today, social media it is important.
2. Nowadays, social media play a huge role in our lives.
3. Now of days, social media is very big.
Tu annonces ton plan.
1. In this essay, I will discuss the advantages and drawbacks.
2. This essay will speaking about pros and cons.
3. In this essay, I go to speak of the good and bad.
Tu présentes ton premier argument.
1. Firstly, it helps people stay in touch.
2. In first, it helps people to stay in touch.
3. Firstable, it helps people stay in touch.
Tu ajoutes un deuxième argument.
1. Therefore, it is a good source of information.
2. Moreover, it is a good source of information.
3. However, it is a good source of information.
Tu illustres avec un exemple.
1. By example, many people read the news online.
2. For instant, lot of people read news.
3. For instance, many people read the news online.
Tu passes aux arguments contre.
1. Moreover, social media can be addictive.
2. Besides, social media can't be addictive.
3. However, social media can be addictive.
Tu présentes l'avis d'autres personnes.
1. Some persons affirm it's dangerous.
2. Some people argue what it is dangerous.
3. Some people argue that it is dangerous.
Tu exprimes une conséquence.
1. As result of, teenagers sleep less.
2. As a result, teenagers sleep less.
3. In result, teenagers sleep less.
Tu opposes deux idées dans une même phrase.
1. Some teenagers use it wisely, moreover others cannot stop.
2. Some teenagers use it wisely, whereas others cannot stop.
3. Some teenagers use it wisely, however others cannot stop.
Tu conclus ton essay.
1. For concluding, social media is good and bad.
2. To conclusion, it depends.
3. To conclude, social media have both advantages and drawbacks.

Corrigé

Exercice 1

1. c) Moreover · 2. b) However · 3. a) Therefore · 4. c) For instance · 5. a) To conclude · 6. c) whereas · 7. c) Nowadays · 8. a) Many people wonder whether... · 9. c) It is not easy. · 10. c) Firstly

Exercice 2

1. Firstly · 2. Moreover · 3. However · 4. instance · 5. Therefore · 6. conclude · 7. argue · 8. whether · 9. whereas · 10. Nowadays

Exercice 3

1. b) Nowadays, social media play a huge role in our lives. · 2. a) In this essay, I will discuss the advantages and drawbacks. · 3. a) Firstly, it helps people stay in touch. · 4. b) Moreover, it is a good source of information. · 5. c) For instance, many people read the news online. · 6. c) However, social media can be addictive. · 7. c) Some people argue that it is dangerous. · 8. b) As a result, teenagers sleep less. · 9. b) Some teenagers use it wisely, whereas others cannot stop. · 10. c) To conclude, social media have both advantages and drawbacks.