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Le futur antérieur et le futur continu : will have done, will be doing

Fiche à imprimer : le cours, les trois exercices et le corrigé (sur une page à part). Revenir au cours en ligne

Le futur antérieur : will have + participe passé

Il exprime une action qui sera terminée avant un moment du futur. On le trouve souvent avec by (d'ici, avant) et by the time (quand, d'ici à ce que).

By June, I will have finished my exams. / By the time you arrive, we will have eaten.
D'ici juin, j'aurai fini mes examens. / Quand tu arriveras, nous aurons mangé.

Le futur continu : will be + -ing

Il exprime une action en cours à un moment précis du futur.

This time next year, I will be studying in Dublin. / Don't call at 8: we'll be having dinner.
L'an prochain à la même époque, je ferai mes études à Dublin. / N'appelle pas à 8 h : nous serons en train de dîner.
TempsFormeIdée
futur simplewill + baseI will finish tomorrow. (décision, prédiction)
futur continuwill be + -ingAt 10, I'll be working. (en cours à 10 h)
futur antérieurwill have + p.p.By 10, I'll have finished. (fini avant 10 h)
futur antérieur continuwill have been + -ingBy June, I'll have been living here for ten years. (durée)

Après by the time, when, as soon as, on met le présent (pas will) : By the time you arrive...

Mise en situation : des projets après le bac

Nina : Where will you be this time next year?
Où seras-tu l'an prochain à la même époque ?
Paul : I'll be studying engineering in Manchester, I hope.
Je ferai des études d'ingénieur à Manchester, j'espère.
Nina : By then, I'll have passed my driving test. I'll come and visit you!
D'ici là, j'aurai eu mon permis. Je viendrai te voir !
Paul : Great! By the time you come, I'll have found a nice flat.
Super ! Quand tu viendras, j'aurai trouvé un bel appartement.

À retenir

  • will have + p.p. = futur antérieur (fini avant un moment futur) : by June, by the time.
  • will be + -ing = futur continu (en cours à un moment futur) : this time next year, at 8 tomorrow.
  • Présent après by the time, when, as soon as.

Exercice 1 : Futur antérieur et futur continu : exercice 1 (QCM)

  1. By June, I ___ my exams.
    1. will finished
    2. will have finished
    3. will be finishing
  2. This time tomorrow, I ___ on the beach.
    1. will have lain
    2. will be lying
    3. will lie of
  3. By the time you ___, we will have eaten.
    1. arrive
    2. arrived
    3. will arrive
  4. « Quand tu rentreras, j'aurai fini. »
    1. When you'll get back, I'll have finished.
    2. When you get back, I'll finish.
    3. When you get back, I'll have finished.
  5. « À 8 h demain, je serai en train de travailler. »
    1. At 8 tomorrow, I'll have worked.
    2. At 8 tomorrow, I'll be working.
    3. At 8 tomorrow, I work.
  6. « D'ici 2030, ils auront construit le pont. »
    1. By 2030, they will be building the bridge.
    2. Until 2030, they will have built the bridge.
    3. By 2030, they will have built the bridge.
  7. Choisissez la forme correcte.
    1. She will have left.
    2. She will have leave.
    3. She will has left.
  8. Don't call at 9: we ___ dinner.
    1. are have
    2. will be having
    3. will have had
  9. « L'an prochain à la même époque, je vivrai à Londres. »
    1. The next year this time, I live in London.
    2. This time next year, I'll have lived in London.
    3. This time next year, I'll be living in London.
  10. By next month, I ___ here for ten years. (durée)
    1. will be worked
    2. will have work
    3. will have been working

Exercice 2 : Futur antérieur et futur continu : exercice 2 (à compléter)

  1. By June, I will have .......................... my exams. (finish)
  2. This time next week, I will be .......................... in Italy. (travel)
  3. By the time you .......................... , the film will have started. (arrive)
  4. At 10 tomorrow, we'll be .......................... the exam. (take)
  5. By 2040, scientists will have .......................... a cure. (find)
  6. She will .......................... left by then. (aura)
  7. Don't phone at 7: I'll be .......................... dinner. (have)
  8. By Friday, he'll have .......................... the report. (write)
  9. I'll call you as soon as I .......................... home. (get)
  10. By next year, I'll have been .......................... English for ten years. (learn)

Exercice 3 : Futur antérieur et futur continu : mise en situation

  1. Tu annonces que tu auras fini ton dossier d'ici vendredi.
    1. I'll have finished my file by Friday.
    2. I'll be finishing my file by Friday.
    3. I'll finish my file until Friday.
  2. Tu dis que l'an prochain, tu feras tes études en Écosse.
    1. Next year this time, I study in Scotland.
    2. This time next year, I'll have studied in Scotland.
    3. This time next year, I'll be studying in Scotland.
  3. Tu demandes à ton ami de ne pas appeler à 20 h : vous dînerez.
    1. Don't call at 8: we have dinner.
    2. Don't call at 8: we'll have had dinner.
    3. Don't call at 8: we'll be having dinner.
  4. Tu préviens : quand il arrivera, le train sera parti.
    1. When he arrives, the train leaves.
    2. By the time he arrives, the train will have left.
    3. By the time he will arrive, the train will have left.
  5. Tu dis que d'ici tes 25 ans, tu auras voyagé partout.
    1. Until I'm 25, I'll have travelled everywhere.
    2. By the time I'm 25, I'll have travelled everywhere.
    3. By the time I'll be 25, I'll travel everywhere.
  6. Tu dis que demain à 10 h, tu passeras ton examen.
    1. At 10 tomorrow, I'll be taking my exam.
    2. At 10 tomorrow, I take my exam of.
    3. At 10 tomorrow, I'll have taken my exam.
  7. Tu prédis que d'ici 2050, les voitures à essence auront disparu.
    1. By 2050, petrol cars will disappear until.
    2. Until 2050, petrol cars will be disappearing.
    3. By 2050, petrol cars will have disappeared.
  8. Tu dis que tu appelleras dès que tu seras arrivé.
    1. I'll call you as soon as I arrive.
    2. I'll call you as soon as I'll arrive.
    3. I'll call you as soon I arrive.
  9. Tu dis qu'en juin, tu habiteras ici depuis cinq ans.
    1. In June, I'll live here since five years.
    2. By June, I'll be lived here for five years.
    3. By June, I'll have been living here for five years.
  10. Tu rassures ta mère : tu auras rangé ta chambre avant ce soir.
    1. I'll be tidied my room by tonight.
    2. I'll tidy my room until tonight.
    3. I'll have tidied my room by tonight.

Corrigé

Exercice 1

1. b) will have finished · 2. b) will be lying · 3. a) arrive · 4. c) When you get back, I'll have finished. · 5. b) At 8 tomorrow, I'll be working. · 6. c) By 2030, they will have built the bridge. · 7. a) She will have left. · 8. b) will be having · 9. c) This time next year, I'll be living in London. · 10. c) will have been working

Exercice 2

1. finished · 2. travelling · 3. arrive · 4. taking · 5. found · 6. have · 7. having · 8. written · 9. get · 10. learning

Exercice 3

1. a) I'll have finished my file by Friday. · 2. c) This time next year, I'll be studying in Scotland. · 3. c) Don't call at 8: we'll be having dinner. · 4. b) By the time he arrives, the train will have left. · 5. b) By the time I'm 25, I'll have travelled everywhere. · 6. a) At 10 tomorrow, I'll be taking my exam. · 7. c) By 2050, petrol cars will have disappeared. · 8. a) I'll call you as soon as I arrive. · 9. c) By June, I'll have been living here for five years. · 10. c) I'll have tidied my room by tonight.