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Frederick Douglass : de l'esclavage à la liberté (1re)

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AnglaisFrançais
He was born into slavery in Maryland.Il est né esclave dans le Maryland.
He secretly learned to read and write.Il a appris en secret à lire et à écrire.
He escaped to the North in 1838.Il s'est enfui vers le Nord en 1838.
an abolitionistun abolitionniste
He became one of the greatest speakers of his time.Il est devenu l'un des plus grands orateurs de son temps.
Education was his path to freedom.L'éducation a été son chemin vers la liberté.

Frederick Douglass est né esclave vers 1818 dans le Maryland, aux États-Unis. Enfant, il apprend à lire en secret, car l'instruction des esclaves y était interdite : il comprend alors que le savoir est un chemin vers la liberté. En 1838, il s'enfuit vers le Nord. Il devient un abolitionniste et un orateur exceptionnel, qui impressionne les foules aux États-Unis et en Grande-Bretagne. Son autobiographie (1845) dénonce la cruauté de l'esclavage. Après l'abolition (1865), il continue à défendre les droits des Afro-Américains et des femmes. Passif : He was born into slavery, reading was forbidden.

Mise en situation : l'exposé

Amara : My presentation is about Frederick Douglass. He was born into slavery in Maryland around 1818.
Mon exposé porte sur Frederick Douglass. Il est né esclave dans le Maryland vers 1818.
Teacher : How did he become free?
Comment est-il devenu libre ?
Amara : First, he secretly learned to read, although it was forbidden. Then, in 1838, he escaped to the North.
D'abord, il a appris en secret à lire, bien que ce soit interdit. Ensuite, en 1838, il s'est enfui vers le Nord.
Ethan : Why was reading forbidden?
Pourquoi la lecture était-elle interdite ?
Amara : Because knowledge gives people power. Slave owners were afraid that educated slaves would want freedom.
Parce que le savoir donne du pouvoir. Les propriétaires avaient peur que des esclaves instruits veuillent la liberté.
Teacher : Good point. He then became an abolitionist and one of the greatest speakers of his time.
Bonne remarque. Il est ensuite devenu abolitionniste et l'un des plus grands orateurs de son temps.

À retenir

  • slavery, a slave, freedom, an abolitionist, a speaker, a speech, an autobiography, rights, knowledge, power.
  • was born into ; was forbidden (passif) ; secretly ; although ; were afraid that... would ; one of the greatest... of his time.

Exercice 1 : Frederick Douglass : exercice 1 (QCM)

  1. Frederick Douglass est né...
    1. roi
    2. en Angleterre
    3. esclave
  2. « Il a appris en secret à lire. »
    1. He secretly learned reading of.
    2. He secret learned to read.
    3. He secretly learned to read.
  3. Il s'est enfui en...
    1. 1865
    2. 1838
    3. 1776
  4. « un abolitionniste »
    1. an abolition
    2. an abolisher
    3. an abolitionist
  5. « Lire était interdit. »
    1. Reading forbidden was.
    2. Reading was forbid.
    3. Reading was forbidden.
  6. « un orateur »
    1. a speaker
    2. a spoken
    3. a speech
  7. « l'un des plus grands orateurs »
    1. one of the greatest speakers
    2. one of the greatest speaker
    3. one of the greater speakers
  8. Son autobiographie date de...
    1. 1845
    2. 1745
    3. 1945
  9. « Le savoir donne du pouvoir. »
    1. Knowledge gives people power.
    2. The knowledge give people power.
    3. Knowledges give people power.
  10. « Ils avaient peur que... »
    1. They had afraid that...
    2. They were afraid that...
    3. They were fear that...

Exercice 2 : Frederick Douglass : exercice 2 (à compléter)

  1. He was born into .......................... .
  2. He secretly .......................... to read.
  3. Reading was .......................... .
  4. He .......................... to the North in 1838.
  5. He became an .......................... .
  6. Knowledge gives people .......................... .
  7. They were .......................... that educated slaves would want freedom.
  8. one of the .......................... speakers of his time (great)
  9. How did he become .......................... ?
  10. Education was his path to .......................... .

Exercice 3 : Frederick Douglass : mise en situation

  1. Il est né esclave vers 1818.
    1. He was born into slavery around 1818.
    2. He born into slavery around 1818.
    3. He is born into slavery around 1818.
  2. Comment est-il devenu libre ?
    1. How did he became free?
    2. How did he become free?
    3. How he became free?
  3. Il a appris à lire, bien que ce soit interdit.
    1. He learned to read, despite it was forbidden.
    2. He learned to read, although it was forbidden.
    3. He learned to read, although it forbidden.
  4. Il s'est enfui vers le Nord.
    1. He escapes to the North yesterday.
    2. He escaped to the North.
    3. He escaped at the North.
  5. Pourquoi la lecture était-elle interdite ?
    1. Why reading was forbidden?
    2. Why was reading forbidden?
    3. Why was reading forbid?
  6. Le savoir donne du pouvoir.
    1. Knowledge gives people power.
    2. Knowledge give people power.
    3. The knowledges give power.
  7. Ils avaient peur que les esclaves veuillent la liberté.
    1. They were afraid that slaves would want freedom.
    2. They were afraid that slaves will wanted freedom.
    3. They had fear that slaves would want freedom.
  8. Il est devenu abolitionniste.
    1. He became an abolitionist.
    2. He became abolitionist of.
    3. He become an abolitionist.
  9. Il a défendu les droits des femmes aussi.
    1. He defended womens rights too.
    2. He defended women's rights too.
    3. He defended women's right too of.
  10. Son autobiographie dénonce la cruauté de l'esclavage.
    1. Her autobiography denounces the cruelty of slavery.
    2. His autobiography denounces the cruelty of slavery.
    3. His autobiography denounce the cruelty of slavery.

Corrigé

Exercice 1

1. c) esclave · 2. c) He secretly learned to read. · 3. b) 1838 · 4. c) an abolitionist · 5. c) Reading was forbidden. · 6. a) a speaker · 7. a) one of the greatest speakers · 8. a) 1845 · 9. a) Knowledge gives people power. · 10. b) They were afraid that...

Exercice 2

1. slavery · 2. learned · 3. forbidden · 4. escaped · 5. abolitionist · 6. power · 7. afraid · 8. greatest · 9. free · 10. freedom

Exercice 3

1. a) He was born into slavery around 1818. · 2. b) How did he become free? · 3. b) He learned to read, although it was forbidden. · 4. b) He escaped to the North. · 5. b) Why was reading forbidden? · 6. a) Knowledge gives people power. · 7. a) They were afraid that slaves would want freedom. · 8. a) He became an abolitionist. · 9. b) He defended women's rights too. · 10. b) His autobiography denounces the cruelty of slavery.